全网最全的数据库操作命令，一口气从头看到尾，蛮有收获的！

CREATE DATABASE database-name 

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drop database dbname

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--- 创建 备份数据的 device
USE master
EXEC sp_addumpdevice 'disk', 'testBack', 'c:\mssql7backup\MyNwind_1.dat'
--- 开始 备份
BACKUP DATABASE pubs TO testBack 

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create table tabname(col1 type1 [not null] [primary key],col2 type2 [not null],..)

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A：create table tab_new like tab_old (使用旧表创建新表)
B：create table tab_new as select col1,col2… from tab_old definition only

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drop table tabname 

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Alter table tabname add column col type

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Alter table tabname add primary key(col) 

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Alter table tabname drop primary key(col) 

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create [unique] index idxname on tabname(col….) 

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drop index idxname

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create view viewname as select statement 

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drop view viewname

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select * from table1 where 范围

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insert into table1(field1,field2) values(value1,value2)

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delete from table1 where 范围

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update table1 set field1=value1 where 范围

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select * from table1 where field1 like ’%value1%’ ---like的语法很精妙，查资料!

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select * from table1 order by field1,field2 [desc]

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select count as totalcount from table1

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select sum(field1) as sumvalue from table1

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select avg(field1) as avgvalue from table1

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select max(field1) as maxvalue from table1

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select min(field1) as minvalue from table1

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select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c

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sp_renamedb 'old_name', 'new_name'

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select * into b from a where 1<>1（仅用于SQlServer）

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select top 0 * into b from a

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insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b;

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insert into b(a, b, c) select d,e,f from b in ‘具体数据库’ where 条件

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..from b in '"&Server.MapPath(".")&"\data.mdb" &"' where..

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select a,b,c from a where a IN (select d from b ) 或者: select a,b,c from a where a IN (1,2,3)

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select a.title,a.username,b.adddate from table a,(select max(adddate) adddate from table where table.title=a.title) b

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select a.a, a.b, a.c, b.c, b.d, b.f from a LEFT OUT JOIN b ON a.a = b.c

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select * from (SELECT a,b,c FROM a) T where t.a > 1;

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select * from table1 where time between time1 and time2

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select a,b,c, from table1 where a not between 数值1 and 数值2

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select * from table1 where a [not] in (‘值1’,’值2’,’值4’,’值6’)

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delete from table1 where not exists ( select * from table2 where table1.field1=table2.field1 )

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select * from a left inner join b on a.a=b.b right inner join c on a.a=c.c inner join d on a.a=d.d where .....

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select * from 日程安排 where datediff('minute',f开始时间,getdate())>5

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select top 10 b.* from (select top 20 主键字段,排序字段 from 表名 order by 排序字段 desc) a,表名 b where b.主键字段 = a.主键字段 order by a.排序字段

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  declare @start int,@end int

  @sql  nvarchar(600)

  set @sql=’select top’+str(@end-@start+1)+’+from T where rid not in(select top’+str(@str-1)+’Rid from T where Rid>-1)’

  exec sp_executesql @sql

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select top 10 * form table1 where 范围

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select a,b,c from tablename ta where a=(select max(a) from tablename tb where tb.b=ta.b)

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(select a from tableA ) except (select a from tableB) except (select a from tableC)

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select top 10 * from tablename order by newid()

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select newid()

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delete from tablename where id not in (select max(id) from tablename group by col1,col2,...)

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select distinct * into temp from tablename
  delete from tablename
  insert into tablename select * from temp

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alter table tablename
--添加一个自增列
add  column_b int identity(1,1)
 delete from tablename where column_b not in(
select max(column_b)  from tablename group by column1,column2,...)
alter table tablename drop column column_b

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select name from sysobjects where type='U' // U代表用户

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select name from syscolumns where id=object_id('TableName')

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select type,sum(case vender when 'A' then pcs else 0 end),sum(case vender when 'C' then pcs else 0 end),sum(case vender when 'B' then pcs else 0 end) FROM tablename group by type

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TRUNCATE TABLE table1

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select top 5 * from (select top 15 * from table order by id asc) table_别名 order by id desc

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if @strWhere !='' 
begin
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + '] where ' + @strWhere 
end
else 
begin
set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + ']' 
end

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set @strSQL = 'select count(*) as Total from [' + @tblName + '] where 1=1 安定 '+ @strWhere 

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--重建索引
DBCC REINDEX
DBCC INDEXDEFRAG
--收缩数据和日志
DBCC SHRINKDB
DBCC SHRINKFILE

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dbcc shrinkdatabase(dbname)

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exec sp_change_users_login 'update_one','newname','oldname'
go

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RESTORE VERIFYONLY from disk='E:\dvbbs.bak'

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ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs] SET SINGLE_USER
GO
DBCC CHECKDB('dvbbs',repair_allow_data_loss) WITH TABLOCK
GO
ALTER DATABASE [dvbbs] SET MULTI_USER
GO

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SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @LogicalFileName sysname,
 @MaxMinutes INT,
 @NewSize INT


USE tablename -- 要操作的数据库名
SELECT  @LogicalFileName = 'tablename_log', -- 日志文件名
@MaxMinutes = 10, -- Limit on time allowed to wrap log.
 @NewSize = 1  -- 你想设定的日志文件的大小(M)

Setup / initialize
DECLARE @OriginalSize int
SELECT @OriginalSize = size 
 FROM sysfiles
 WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
SELECT 'Original Size of ' + db_name() + ' LOG is ' + 
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),@OriginalSize) + ' 8K pages or ' + 
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(@OriginalSize*8/1024)) + 'MB'
 FROM sysfiles
 WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
CREATE TABLE DummyTrans
 (DummyColumn char (8000) not null)


DECLARE @Counter    INT,
 @StartTime DATETIME,
 @TruncLog   VARCHAR(255)
SELECT @StartTime = GETDATE(),
 @TruncLog = 'BACKUP LOG ' + db_name() + ' WITH TRUNCATE_ONLY'

DBCC SHRINKFILE (@LogicalFileName, @NewSize)
EXEC (@TruncLog)
-- Wrap the log if necessary.
WHILE @MaxMinutes > DATEDIFF (mi, @StartTime, GETDATE()) -- time has not expired
 AND @OriginalSize = (SELECT size FROM sysfiles WHERE name = @LogicalFileName)  
 AND (@OriginalSize * 8 /1024) > @NewSize  
 BEGIN -- Outer loop.
SELECT @Counter = 0
 WHILE   ((@Counter < @OriginalSize / 16) AND (@Counter < 50000))
 BEGIN -- update
 INSERT DummyTrans VALUES ('Fill Log') DELETE DummyTrans
 SELECT @Counter = @Counter + 1
 END
 EXEC (@TruncLog)  
 END
SELECT 'Final Size of ' + db_name() + ' LOG is ' +
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),size) + ' 8K pages or ' + 
 CONVERT(VARCHAR(30),(size*8/1024)) + 'MB'
 FROM sysfiles 
 WHERE name = @LogicalFileName
DROP TABLE DummyTrans
SET NOCOUNT OFF

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exec sp_changeobjectowner 'tablename','dbo'

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CREATE PROCEDURE dbo.User_ChangeObjectOwnerBatch
@OldOwner as NVARCHAR(128),
@NewOwner as NVARCHAR(128)
AS

DECLARE @Name    as NVARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @Owner   as NVARCHAR(128)
DECLARE @OwnerName   as NVARCHAR(128)

DECLARE curObject CURSOR FOR 
select 'Name'    = name,
   'Owner'    = user_name(uid)
from sysobjects
where user_name(uid)=@OldOwner
order by name

OPEN   curObject
FETCH NEXT FROM curObject INTO @Name, @Owner
WHILE(@@FETCH_STATUS=0)
BEGIN     
if @Owner=@OldOwner 
begin
   set @OwnerName = @OldOwner + '.' + rtrim(@Name)
   exec sp_changeobjectowner @OwnerName, @NewOwner
end
-- select @name,@NewOwner,@OldOwner

FETCH NEXT FROM curObject INTO @Name, @Owner
END

close curObject
deallocate curObject
GO

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declare @i int
set @i=1
while @i<30
begin
    insert into test (userid) values(@i)
    set @i=@i+1
end

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Name     score

Zhangshan   80

Lishi       59

Wangwu      50

Songquan    69

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while((select min(score) from tb_table)<60)

begin

update tb_table set score =score*1.01

where score<60

if  (select min(score) from tb_table)>60

  break

 else

    continue

end

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Select * From TableName Order By CustomerName Collate Chinese_PRC_Stroke_ci_as //从少到多

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select encrypt('原始密码')
select pwdencrypt('原始密码')
select pwdcompare('原始密码','加密后密码') = 1--相同；否则不相同 encrypt('原始密码')
select pwdencrypt('原始密码')
select pwdcompare('原始密码','加密后密码') = 1--相同；否则不相同

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declare @list varchar(1000),
@sql nvarchar(1000) 
select @list=@list+','+b.name from sysobjects a,syscolumns b where a.id=b.id and a.name='表A'
set @sql='select '+right(@list,len(@list)-1)+' from 表A' 
exec (@sql)

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EXEC master..xp_fixeddrives

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if (select checksum_agg(binary_checksum(*)) from A)
     =
    (select checksum_agg(binary_checksum(*)) from B)
print '相等'
else
print '不相等'

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DECLARE hcforeach CURSOR GLOBAL FOR SELECT 'kill '+RTRIM(spid) FROM master.dbo.sysprocesses
WHERE program_name IN('SQL profiler',N'SQL 事件探查器')
EXEC sp_msforeach_worker '?'

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Select Top N * From 表

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Select Top M-N * From 表 Where ID in (Select Top M ID From 表) Order by ID   Desc

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Select Top N * From 表 Order by ID Desc

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 select top 10 recid from A where recid not  in(select top 30 recid from A)

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set @s = 'select top 1 * from T   where pid not in (select top ' + str(@count-1) + ' pid  from  T)'

print @s      exec  sp_executesql  @s

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select Name from sysobjects where xtype='u' and status>=0

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select name from syscolumns where id=object_id('表名')

select name from syscolumns where id in (select id from sysobjects where type = 'u' and name = '表名')

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select a.* from sysobjects a, syscomments b where a.id = b.id and b.text like '%表名%'

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select name as 存储过程名称 from sysobjects where xtype='P'

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select * from master..sysdatabases D where sid not in(select sid from master..syslogins where name='sa')

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select dbid, name AS DB_NAME from master..sysdatabases where sid <> 0x01

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select column_name,data_type from information_schema.columns
where table_name = '表名'

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--创建链接服务器
exec sp_addlinkedserver   'ITSV ', ' ', 'SQLOLEDB ', '远程服务器名或ip地址 '

exec sp_addlinkedsrvlogin  'ITSV ', 'false ',null, '用户名 ', '密码 '

--查询示例

select * from ITSV.数据库名.dbo.表名

--导入示例
select * into 表 from ITSV.数据库名.dbo.表名

--以后不再使用时删除链接服务器
exec sp_dropserver  'ITSV ', 'droplogins '

--连接远程/局域网数据(openrowset/openquery/opendatasource)

--1、openrowset

--查询示例
select * from openrowset( 'SQLOLEDB ', 'sql服务器名 '; '用户名 '; '密码 ',数据库名.dbo.表名)

--生成本地表
select * into 表 from openrowset( 'SQLOLEDB ', 'sql服务器名 '; '用户名 '; '密码 ',数据库名.dbo.表名)

--把本地表导入远程表
insert openrowset( 'SQLOLEDB ', 'sql服务器名 '; '用户名 '; '密码 ',数据库名.dbo.表名)

select *from 本地表

--更新本地表
update b
set b.列A=a.列A
from openrowset( 'SQLOLEDB ', 'sql服务器名 '; '用户名 '; '密码 ',数据库名.dbo.表名)as a inner join 本地表 b on a.column1=b.column1

--openquery用法需要创建一个连接

--首先创建一个连接创建链接服务器
exec sp_addlinkedserver   'ITSV ', ' ', 'SQLOLEDB ', '远程服务器名或ip地址 '

--查询
select *
FROM openquery(ITSV,  'SELECT *  FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 ')

--把本地表导入远程表
insert openquery(ITSV,  'SELECT *  FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 ')

select * from 本地表

--更新本地表
update b
set b.列B=a.列B
FROM openquery(ITSV,  'SELECT * FROM 数据库.dbo.表名 ') as a 
inner join 本地表 b on a.列A=b.列A

--3、opendatasource/openrowset
SELECT   *
FROM   opendatasource( 'SQLOLEDB ',  'Data Source=ip/ServerName;User ID=登陆名;Password=密码 ' ).test.dbo.roy_ta

--把本地表导入远程表
insert opendatasource( 'SQLOLEDB ',  'Data Source=ip/ServerName;User ID=登陆名;Password=密码 ').数据库.dbo.表名

select * from 本地表 

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